There is an increasing need to understand the wide array of processes that occur in semienclosed coastal bodies of water, including estuaries. These systems appear sprinkled along coastlines throughout the world. Close to 75% (26 out of 35) of the largest cities in the world, in terms of population, are found in or influenced by estuarine systems.<\/p>\n
A higher percentage has a direct impact on estuarine waters through river connections. Worldwide, estuaries serve various purposes: they help preserve freshwater resources in rivers by limiting saltwater intrusion; they provide habitat and nursey grounds for commercially and ecologically pivotal species; they act as river-related sediment and pollutant receptacles, hampering contamination in coastal waters; they enable tourism and recreational activities; they host harbors and related commercial activities like fishing; and they could potentially provide clean energy.<\/p>\n
Threats from sea-level rise, from increased pollution, saltwater intrusion, freshwater consumption, and storm intensity, as well as threats from changes in river discharge are imminent in coastal regions. Therefore, we need to understand current conditions affecting semienclosed basins so that we can propose possible consequences to all of their functions (some of them mentioned above).<\/p>\n
This course is intended mainly as an introductory reference for researchers focusing on any aspect of estuarine studies, e.g., biological, biochemical, geochemical, geological, physical. More generally, the course is intended to those investigating all facets of semienclosed coastal bodies of water. The course shall provide information at a basic level, but perhaps moving up to an intermediate level in some parts. The course should provide fundamental concepts to interdisciplinary studies in these systems and to advanced hydrodynamics investigations. The core purpose of this course is to offer relevant concepts accessibly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Introduction There is an increasing need to understand the wide array of processes that occur in semienclosed coastal bodies of water, including estuaries. These systems appear sprinkled along coastlines throughout the world. Close to 75% (26 out of 35) of the largest cities in the world, in terms of population, are found in or influenced […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":56751,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0"},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[499,500,497,1060],"product_tag":[],"class_list":["post-56694","product","type-product","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","product_cat-civil-engineering","product_cat-environmental-science","product_cat-geology","product_cat-featured-en","entry","has-media","first","outofstock","sold-individually","shipping-taxable","purchasable","product-type-variable","has-product-nav","col","span_1_of_3","owp-content-center","owp-thumbs-layout-horizontal","owp-btn-normal","owp-tabs-layout-horizontal","has-no-thumbnails"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n